Yudh ka mukhya uddesh hota hai shatru ko poori tarah se barbad karna. Iske liye zaruri hai ki hum sahi samay par hamlawar (offensive) operation karein. Lekin sirf hamla karna hi kaafi nahi hota, balki apne desh ki suraksha aur aage ke hamle ke liye achhi halat banane ke liye defence lena bhi zaruri hota hai.
Jahan tak ho sake, defence ko bhi hamlawar soch ke saath apnana chahiye. Chahe koi bhi operation ho, sena ke har ek hissa ko dushman ke hamle ke khilaf taiyar rehna chahiye. Is tarah defence, war ka ek sabse mahatvapurn hissa hai.
Defence Ikhtiyar Karne Ki Wajah
kin in halaton mein liya jata hai:
- Dushman ko desh ke kisi bhi hisse par qabza karne se rokna aur desh ki suraksha banaye rakhna.
- Zaruri zameen ko dushman ke qabze mein jaane se bachana.
- Kisi dusri jagah par chal rahe hamlawar operation mein madad dena.
- Apni hamlawar formation ke flanks ki hifazat karna.
- Samay hasil karna, dushman ki ladne ki kabiliyat kam karna aur apni kabiliyat badhana.
- Hamlawar operation ke dauran dobara taiyari (reorg) ke liye samay lena.
- Dushman ko dhokhe se aisi jagah par lana jahan use asani se barbad kiya ja sake.
- Jab dushman majboor kar de defence lene ke liye.
Defence Ka Uddesh
Defence lene wale faujiyon ka hamesha yeh laksh hona chahiye ki dushman ko zyada se zyada nuksan pahunchaya jaye aur use vinash kiya jaye.
Iske liye yeh tareeke apnaye jate hain:
- Delay (Deri pahunchana)
- Resist (Pratirodh karna)
- Limit (Rokna)
- Weaken (Kamzor karna)
- Destroy (Vinash karna)
Defance ki Type or buniyadi usul
1. Zameen Ke Lihaaz Se
(a) Positional Defence
Iska mudda hota hai kisi zaruri zameen par qabza banaye rakhna. Iske liye zyada tar troops front par lagaye jate hain. Is wajah se commander ke paas counter attack ke liye kam troops bachte hain.
Is defence ki safalta pehle se taiyar position, rukawatein aur strong fire support par nirbhar hoti hai. Counter attack sirf dushman ke ghusne ko rokne ke liye kiya jata hai.
(b) Mobile Defence
Is defence ka uddesh zameen pakadna nahi, balki dushman ko barbad karna hota hai. Isme dushman ko aage badhne diya jata hai aur phir use ek chunni hui jagah par reserve force ke dwara counter attack karke khatam kiya jata hai. Isme kam troops front par aur zyada reserve mein rakhe jate hain.
2. Taiyari Ke Lihaaz Se
(a) Deliberate Defence
Jab dushman se turant takraav nahi hota ya samay uplabdh hota hai, tab yeh defence liya jata hai.
Isme:
- Zameen pehle se chunni jati hai
- Achhi planning aur reconnaissance hota hai
- Taiyari ke liye pura samay milta hai
(b) Hasty Defence
Jab dushman se lagao ho chuka ho ya jaldi hone wala ho, tab yeh defence liya jata hai.
Isme:
- Taiyari ke liye kam samay milta hai
- Zameen bhi hamesha pasand ki nahi milti
- Jaldi mein position banana padta hai
BUNYADI USUL (Basic Principles of Defence)
- Aam (Ground Selection)
Defence ki safalta ke liye sahi zameen ka chunav bahut zaruri hai. Aisi jagah honi chahiye jahan se dushman par nazar rakhi ja sake aur fire ka sahi istemal ho.
- Shatru (Enemy)
Dushman ke bare mein poori jankari honi chahiye jaise uski taqat, hathiyar aur yojna.
- Zameen (Ground Importance)
Zameen defence ka sabse important hissa hai. Sahi jagah par defence hone se jeet ki sambhavna badh jati hai.
- Failao (Frontage)
Defence area ko zyada failana nahi chahiye. Zyada failao se gap ban jata hai jahan se dushman ghus sakta hai.
- Aapsi Madad (Mutual Support)
Har post aur locality ko ek dusre ki madad karni chahiye taki zarurat padne par support mil sake.
- Gehrai (Depth)
Defence ko gehrai mein lagana chahiye taki agar front toot jaye to piche wali line lad sake.
- All Round Defence
Har direction se aane wale khatre ke liye taiyar rehna chahiye, chahe attack kisi bhi taraf se ho.
- Fire Plan
Fire ka sahi aur coordinated use hona chahiye taki dushman ko zyada nuksan ho.
- Rukawat (Obstacle Plan)
Mines aur wire jaise rukawat ka use karke dushman ki gati ko roka jata hai.
- Reserves
Kuch troops hamesha reserve mein hone chahiye jo zarurat padne par use kiye ja sake.
- Aggressiveness
Defence mein bhi hamlawar soch honi chahiye aur mauka milte hi counter attack karna chahiye.
- Hifazat (Security)
Surprise attack se bachne ke liye camouflage aur concealment ka use zaruri hai.
- Communication
Sabhi units ke beech communication clear aur lagatar hona chahiye.
- Electronic Warfare
Modern war mein information aur communication ko secure rakhna aur dushman ki jankari lena bahut zaruri hai.
Conclusion
Defence sirf bachav nahi hai, balki ek strategy hai jisme dushman ko rok kar, kamzor karke aur aakhir mein use khatam kiya jata hai. Sahi planning aur teamwork se hi defence safal hota hai.
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